Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It is characterized by the presence of multiple cysts in the ovaries, which can lead to a variety of symptoms and health problems. PCOD is a complex condition that requires careful management and treatment to reduce the risk of long-term complications. In this article, we will discuss the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for PCOD.
Causes of PCOD
The exact cause of PCOD is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The condition is associated with insulin resistance, which means that the body’s cells are less responsive to insulin, leading to higher insulin levels in the blood. This can cause the ovaries to produce more androgens, which are male hormones that can interfere with ovulation and menstrual cycles.
The symptoms of PCOD can vary from woman to woman and can include:
- Irregular menstrual periods
- Heavy bleeding during periods
- Acne and oily skin
- Excessive hair growth on the face, chest, and back
- Thinning hair on the scalp
- Weight gain or difficulty losing weight
